{"id":20128,"date":"2024-09-11T14:43:28","date_gmt":"2024-09-11T12:43:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hsnordhausen.artemis.wpspace.me\/hsn\/?post_type=forschungsprojekt&p=20128"},"modified":"2024-09-17T14:49:58","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T12:49:58","slug":"system-related-degradation-mechanisms-of-thin-film-photovoltaic-modules","status":"publish","type":"forschungsprojekt","link":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/forschungsprojekt\/systembedingte-degradationsmechanismen-von-duennschichtphotovoltaikmodulen\/","title":{"rendered":"System-related degradation mechanisms of thin-film photovoltaic modules"},"content":{"rendered":"

Renewable energy systems such as photovoltaic generators must have a service life of at least 20 years in order to be operated economically. Photovoltaic systems are exposed to various influences during this time. Above all, weather influences put a strain on the modules and accelerate the ageing process. Due to the composition of the modules from a wide variety of materials, changes in humidity and temperature, solar radiation and the potential against earth, for example, can lead to numerous reactions between the materials used. The potential-induced migration of sodium ions from the front glass into the semiconductor layer of the modules plays an important role here. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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TCO corrosion on a microcrystalline silicon module<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The research group investigated thin-film photovoltaic modules made of microcrystalline silicon (\u00b5-Si) and the compound semiconductor CIGS. Here, certain system interconnections can lead to irreversible degradation of the current-carrying layer, which is known as TCO corrosion for \u00b5-Si modules (see figure) and the PID effect for CIGS modules. In order to analyse new production processes with regard to their durability, there has been a lack of suitable test methods that enable reproducible and accelerated ageing in particular. The development of such test procedures was the subject of this project. Furthermore, simulation models were created that allow the damage potential to be predicted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Leakage current paths on the module<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

One measure of the progress of degradation is the amount of charge transported by leakage currents. The figure \"Leakage current paths on the module\" shows typical leakage current paths for a CIGS module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Accelerated ageing tests were carried out in a climate chamber to determine ageing models. In so-called bias vapour heat tests, the modules were exposed to changing temperatures (0 ... 85 \u00b0C) and relative humidity (10 ... 95 %) in the presence of an external electrical potential (+\/-1000 V). At the same time, a free-field test stand was installed at the institute in which different thin-film photovoltaic modules were tested under natural ageing conditions (see figure). The influence of the environmental conditions, the applied potentials to earth and the type of contacting were analysed. In both cases, the occurring leakage currents were measured continuously. A correlation of climatic chamber tests and free-field tests enables the results from the accelerated ageing tests to be transferred to real system operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Free-field test stand with \u00b5-Si modules (front) and CIGS modules (rear)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Power losses of different CIGS modules as a function of the transported charge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As part of the project, qualitative reproducibility of the results on system-related degradation was achieved for both TCO corrosion and the PID effect. The postulated correlation between the degradation rate and the amount of charge transferred was verified. However, this is not necessarily linear (see figure on the right).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The many different influencing factors, which include module technology, contacting, the amount and direction of the applied potential and the ambient conditions, make quantitative statements difficult. The detailed consideration of the module microclimate and the regeneration mechanisms in the field were identified as important prerequisites for the extrapolation of the results.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Erneuerbare Energieanlagen wie Photovoltaikgeneratoren m\u00fcssen eine Lebensdauer von mindestens 20 Jahren aufweisen, um wirtschaftlich betrieben werden zu k\u00f6nnen. Photovoltaikanlagen sind w\u00e4hrend dieser Zeit unterschiedlichen Einfl\u00fcssen ausgesetzt. Vor allem Witterungseinfl\u00fcsse belasten die Module und treiben Alterungsprozess voran. Aufgrund der Zusammensetzung der Module aus unterschiedlichsten Materialien kann es beispielsweise durch Feuchtigkeits- und Temperaturwechsel, Sonneneinstrahlung und dem Potential […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_piecal_is_recurring":false,"_piecal_recurring_interval":1,"_piecal_recurring_frequency":"","_piecal_recurring_exact_position":false,"_piecal_recurring_end":"","_piecal_color":"","_piecal_text_color":"","_piecal_global_color_master":false,"_piecal_is_event":false,"_piecal_start_date":"","_piecal_end_date":"","_piecal_is_allday":false,"greyd_block_editor_preview":{"enabled":false,"maxWidth":"1200px","backgroundColor":"#ffffff"},"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":""},"forschungsprojekt_category":[1777,1367],"forschungsprojekt_tag":[],"forschungsgebiet":[1376],"zielgruppen":[],"kontakt-zuordnung":[],"projekt":[1422],"studienbereich":[810],"institut-oder-einric":[679],"fachbereich":[583],"wf_forschungsprojekt_folders":[1782],"ppma_author":[1400],"class_list":["post-20128","forschungsprojekt","type-forschungsprojekt","status-publish","hentry","forschungsprojekt_category-1777","forschungsprojekt_category-abgeschlossene-projekte","forschungsgebiet-n-a","projekt-n-a","studienbereich-it-technik-ingenieurwissenschaften","institut-oder-einric-in-ret-institut-fuer-regenerative-energietechnik","fachbereich-fb-ingenieurwissenschaften"],"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forschungsprojekt\/20128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forschungsprojekt"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/forschungsprojekt"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"forschungsprojekt_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forschungsprojekt_category?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"forschungsprojekt_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forschungsprojekt_tag?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"forschungsgebiet","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forschungsgebiet?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"zielgruppen","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/zielgruppen?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"kontakt-zuordnung","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kontakt-zuordnung?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"projekt","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/projekt?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"studienbereich","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/studienbereich?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"institut-oder-einric","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institut-oder-einric?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"fachbereich","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fachbereich?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"wf_forschungsprojekt_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_forschungsprojekt_folders?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hs-nordhausen.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=20128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}